Rafter and polygon bevel.



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PATENTED FEB. 5, 1907. A. 0. CALHOUN. fRAFTEB. AND POLYGON REVELI` APPLICATION FILED 00T. 5, 1906.`

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ALBERTv o. cALHooN, or vieron, MISSOURI.

HAPTER AND PoLYeoN' B'EVEL.

Speciiicationiof Letters Patent.-

P'atentea Feb. 5, 1907.

Application filed October 5, 1906- Serial No. 337,602.

' To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be'it known that I, ALBERT 0.CALH00N,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Victor, in the county of Monroe and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rafter and Polygon Bevels; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description o the invention, such as will enableA others skilled in the -art -to which it appertains t`o make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the lettersand figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part o this speciiication.

" This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements i-n rafter and polygon bevels, and it relates particularly to the pro- Vision of a tool embodying the proper graduations for securing the desired angles in cutting rafters and other roof-timbers- The invention has for a further object the provision of a combined tool embracing a square, try-square, bevel-square, plumb, and

level, together with a dial-plate, upon which are indicated the lengths and bevels desired.

A further 'object of the invention resides in the provision upon opposite sides of the dial of different characters of graduation,

With which the handle portion coperates in such a manner as to extend the use of the bevel to a great number of inclinations.

To these endswand to such others as the invention may pertain the same consists in the novel construction and in the peculiar ar-l rangementfcombinat-ion, and adaptation of parts, all as will be more fully 'hereinafter de-4 scribed, *shown2 in the accompanying ,drawings and then speciiically dened in the appended claims.

The invention is clearly illustratedJ in the accompanying drawings, Which,with the letters of reference marked thereon, form a part of this speciication, like letters indicating like parts throughout the several views, and in which drawings- Figure l is a side elevation of my inven-` tion, showing one side ofthe dial-plate. Fig. 2 is a like view of the opposite side. Fig` 3 is a top plan view `or" the swinging handle, and Fig. '4 is an edge view of the same.

Reference now being had to the details ot" the drawings by letter, A designates the dial of the bevel, which is provided with a suitable segmental slot Z', extending concentric" to the arc of the dial. From one end of this This tool is ting rafters, an

end Y', so as to extend upon'opposite facesof the dial to provide an edge to coperate with the graduations of the dial, For the purpose of retaining this handle in any of its adjusted positions a thumb-screw Y is applied and adapted to engage a nut Y3, carried by the handle, as shown in Fitg. 4. l i (particularly a a ted for cutone face of the ial, as shown in Fig. 1, is provided with a series of different graduations for this purpose.v For instance, the graduations upon the arc'A are adapted tov give the pitch, length, and bottom cuts for common rafters from one to eighteen inches rise per foot run, the rise-number appearin above the horizontal line. The graduate arc B is for determinin plumb-cuts for common rafters, While theetter. Cindicates the graduations to determine the pitch, length,

4and bottom cuts of hip and valley rafters from one to eighteen inches rise per foot run. The letter D indicates the aduations for securing the plumb-cuts for t ese latter rafters. The letter E indicates the segment containin graduations for the side cuts of hip and va ley rafters for contact against the ridge board or deck, Whilethe graduations in the segment F are for the purpose of securing the side cuts for jack-rafters intended to contact against hip or valley rafters. It will thus-be seen that the raduations indicated in Fig. l are particulaily intended and adapted for laying off and plotting the roof-rafters to be cut in building a roof structure. The opposite face of the dial, as shown in Fig. 2, contains in the segment G graduations giving the side cuts of jack-rafters intended to rest side cuts of these Octagon hip-rafters.

' I designates the graduations for securing the plumb-outs'for Octagon hiperafters, while in the segment J graduations are given for securing the pitch, length, and bottom cuts of o'ctagon hip-rafters from onev to eighteen inches rise per running foot. In the segment K diierent graduations lare .-'given for the pur ose of obtaining theI various dpolygonal ang es desired in framing or buil ingwork and reading from left to right are indicated as follows; W D gives pitch of Window or roo IIO

door sills. S P provides .the bevel isoform a side of a pentagon. S H is'the bevel to form the side of a hexagon. S H T G gives bevel to form side of he tagon, while M D gives miter fora decagon, M U for. an undecagon, 'and M'D D is miter for a' dodecagon. The space is provided with .a series of graduations indicating the Vdegrees from one to ninety in'lthe segment of 'a circle.

It will be noted that the -arm X2 isl ofV greater width than the corresponding arm X upon the opposite side Aof -the pivot-point of the swinging handle. The object in thus widening the said arm X2 is .primarily lto provide a right angle, thus providing a :try-

square, this being accomplished by extending I the widthoutwar'dly from'the pivotal'point of said arm X2, the -arm lbeing widened Vupon the inner side foi` :the purposeof producing a` perfect try-square. 'It 'will -be noted that when the swinging 'handle .is permitted to drop or be folded backupon the 'a'rnLX .that the inner face of the -han'dle will :be .in alinement with the ninety-degree mark uponwthe quadrant, thereb7 rendering vit possible `to use it as a square, aftry-square, aiplumb, fand a level, asul'table leveling-tube 5`..being provided within the handle, as shown, an opening 6 inthe `handle being provided afer its Vreception. v

In the operation of `this tool the proper bevel or cut Imayfbe indicated for .any roof having a rise from oneto eighteen inches rise Iper foot run. For instance, if the roof isA of a pitch of ten inches `rise :to a foot .reference .to the graduations gives the lengthI of both common and hip 'and valley trafters, .the length-of which can lbe very easily found by usin the present invention'by multiplying onealfthe widthof the building by thezgures under the line indicating the desired pitch. For instance, 4 taking a building eighteen feet wide, it is .desired -to `find the length and cutof all-the different rafterspertaining to the roof, whichis to .have a pitch of eight inches rise-to the ffootl. Referring to Fig. 1, we iind in the spaceA on 'the .face-of the bevel the pitch, length, .and bottomA cuts of any desiredcommonrafter with any pitch roof from one to eighteen 'inches-rise tothe foot. In this .example the pitch :is eight inches, and .the handle :ismoved until .the side thereof next '.the Vtongue .X is brou ht into-alinement Withthe line marked 8H At this point `thefhandle is'fasteneduwith lthe thumb-screw, thus giving the bottom cut of a D forms side of -dec'agon and "fSv common. raf-tei", While under this line the length of the common or jack rafter per foot -runis given, which in the present instance is 14.42 inches, the run in this building being nine feet, which is one-half the width of the building. ltwill be seen that.14.42 inchesy multiplied -by nine give ten feet nine' inches, thelength of a common rafter. B'the line markedfS R will be the pro er plumb-'cut for .the same rafter, thus comp eting the rafter. The hip or valley raftei cuts are determined in the same manner, using the proper spaces C, l), .and E. The jack -:=rafter is next indicated, and the proper graduations for the bottom and plumb cuts have been already ascertained, Vso that the side cut against the hip or valley rafter may be found in the space F, line marked f8 R. The length of this jackrafter' er .foot run, which is 14.42 inches, has been a eady found, and in this case therun is two feet, space twenty-four inches to centers, .and twice this vamount (14.42) ives 28.84 inches, the length yof the first Jackrafter. This .amount is doubled for the length -of the 'second rafter and trebled for the length of the third rafter, .and thus continued as -usual in completing the framing of the roof. When the roofis to be' octogon hippod, wend the roper length and cuts on the lines marked or .the desired pitch in spaces marked G H I J, and the procedure is Ithesame .as that just given for a common rafter. ln the space K the proper itch for a Window-.or .door sill is given, an the remaini indications in this space give the bevels for the side of polygonal iigures and .also the miter cuts for such figures.

It will be seen that, when the swinging handle is brought to its normal osition with its inner edge upon the ninetyegree line of the quadrant t at When it is laced upon edge and held in a position in w ich the device is shown to be level that a perfect square is provided, thus producing both plumb and level lines, and it -willalso be noted that a trysquare is provided Aby the .inner edge-of the swinging handle when in this binationwith.the-arm X,

.It will .be noted that by widening of the arm X2, thereby extending it' ,for a considerable distance beyond the outer side edge of 'l the swinging handle, la broadsurfaceis provided u on which a graduated scale is shown, the sca e being ,so graduated uponitsopposite sides as to providela ruleadapted'for pur--l poses 'of a carpentersuse, it being'graduated upon `one of .its sides to .twelfths .of-an inch and upon its-.opposite -side to. sixteenths ofan inch. .This v rovision Acould not lbe had were rit not or the, fact that the arm is widened fora considerable distance be ond the pivotal point of the-swinginghan e, as

fwill -be .at once evident.

A further and essential advantage gained In thespace.

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position in com- .the swinging handle provided, as stated, with a level, it renders it possible by the use 0fthe lnstrument for the operator to deterf mine at once the angle of a roof or other length, pitch, bottom, and top cuts of any roof that.v he may be requiredto extend to the same pitch-as, for instance, it being desired to ascertain the pitch of a roof from the outside, by placing the outer` edge of the arm X2 ofthe instrument upon the -roof and bringing the pivoted handle carrying the level, as described, toapoint at which the level is indicated, it will be shown' upon segment B at the point of intersection of the upper face of the' handle with the indication on the scale D, the plumb-cut of said rafter Will vbe shown, and the corresponding number on segment A will give bottom cut and length for that rafter. In the event of its being inconvenient to apply the instrument-to the upper face of the roof, by placing the outer edge of the arm X2 against the under face of the roof and` bringing the'handle up until a level is secured, then the length, pitch, and bottom cut of the rafter for that uilding will be shown at theintersection of the upper edge of the swinging handle with the scale A, thus eliminating the necessity of measuring distances, length of rafters, &c., which would otherwise be required. It will be noted upon reference to the drawings that the scales indicated upon the quadrant' are such as to convey at once to the mind of the operator the information necessary as to the point at which the arm is to be set to the quadrant in order to indicate the various cuts as to pitch,'length, &c.,' and it will further be noted that provision is made upon the scale for indicating side cuts, hip and valley rafters, lte., and that the tool is adaptved for use in obviating in all cases the need for all formsof-ship construction'and in finding angles and distances in building con'- struction generally. inclined surface and also to determine the It will be obvious that changes kmay be made in the systemof graduations herein used, althou h those shown are 'most desirable, and a so that the details of construction and coniguration may be varied without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined inthe appended claims.

Havingthus described my invention, what I claim to be new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a bevel of the character described, a graduated quadrant, a handle pivotally connected at one of vits ends at the apex of the quadrant and provided-with a level, a screw upon the handle adapted` to engage a slot in the quadrant, for securing the han'- dle at any .predetermined position upon the quadrant, and a lateral extension of the quadrant having a scale alongits outer edge'.

2.` In a bevel of the character described,

Ythe combination with a quadrant graduated as described, a handle pivoted at`the apex of the quadrant, and provided with a level, the opposite end of the handle being adapted to move upon the graduated circumference of the quadrant, means for locking the same in its ad'usted position, said quadrant being provide with ia lateral extension along one of its arms to produce a right an le at the apex of ythe quadrant, substantially as describ'ed.

In testimony whereof I hereunto ailix my signature in the Iresence of two witnesses. BERT 0. CALHOUN.

' Witnesses:

ROBERTA. BoswELL, FRANKLIN H. HOUGH. 

